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At Which Moment Is One Bormn Again

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This commodity is about the Christian term. For other uses, see Born Again.

Evangelical Christian term

Built-in again, or to experience the new birth, is a phrase, specially in evangelicalism, that refers to a "spiritual rebirth", or a regeneration of the human being spirit. In contrast to 1'southward physical nascence, being "born again" is distinctly and separately caused by baptism in the Holy Spirit, it is not caused by baptism in water. Information technology is a core doctrine of the denominations of the Methodist, Quaker, Baptist, and Pentecostal Churches along with all other evangelical Christian denominations. All of these Churches strongly believe Jesus' words in the Gospels: "Yous must be born again earlier you lot can see, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven." Their doctrines too mandate that to be both "born again" and "saved", one must have a personal and intimate relationship with Jesus Christ.[1] [2] [three] [4] [v] [vi]

In contemporary Christian usage and autonomously from evangelicalism, the term is singled-out from like terms which are sometimes used in Christianity in reference to a person who is being or becoming a Christian. This usage of the term is usually linked to baptism with water and the related doctrine of baptismal regeneration. Individuals who profess to be "born once more" (pregnant in the "Holy Spirit") often state that they have a "personal relationship with Jesus Christ".[7] [5] [six]

In addition to using this phrase with those who do not profess to exist Christians, some Evangelical Christians use the phrase and evangelize those who belong to other Christian denominations or groups. This practice is based on the conventionalities that not-Evangelical Christians, even those Christians who are professed Christians, are not "born again" and exercise not have a "personal human relationship with Jesus." They therefore believe that they should evangelize to non-Evangelical Christians in the same way that they would evangelize to people who do non profess the Christian religion.

The phrase "built-in over again" is besides used as an adjective to describe individual members of the movement who espouse this belief, and information technology is also used every bit an adjective to draw the movement itself ("born-over again Christian" and the "born-once again move").

Origin [edit]

Jesus and Nicodemus painting by Alexander Bida, 1874

The term is derived from an upshot in the Gospel of John in which the words of Jesus were not understood by a Jewish pharisee, Nicodemus.

Jesus replied, "Very truly I tell you, no one tin can see the kingdom of God unless they are born once more." "How can someone be born when they are former?" Nicodemus asked. "Surely they cannot enter a second time into their mother's womb to be born!" Jesus answered, "Very truly I tell you, no 1 tin can enter the kingdom of God unless they are built-in of water and the Spirit."

—Gospel of John, John affiliate 3, verses 3–5, NIV[viii]

The Gospel of John was written in Koine Greek, and the original text is ambiguous which results in a double entendre that Nicodemus misunderstands. The word translated equally again is ἄνωθεν (ánōtʰen), which could mean either "again", or "from in a higher place".[ix] The double entendre is a figure of voice communication that the gospel writer uses to create bewilderment or misunderstanding in the hearer; the misunderstanding is then antiseptic by either Jesus or the narrator. Nicodemus takes only the literal meaning from Jesus's argument, while Jesus clarifies that he means more of a spiritual rebirth from to a higher place. English translations have to pick ane sense of the phrase or another; the NIV, King James Version, and Revised Version use "built-in once more", while the New Revised Standard Version[ten] and the New English language Translation[11] adopt the "born from above" translation.[12] Most versions volition note the alternative sense of the phrase anōthen in a footnote.

Edwyn Hoskyns argues that "born from above" is to be preferred as the fundamental meaning and he drew attention to phrases such as "birth of the Spirit",[xiii] "birth from God",[14] only maintains that this necessarily carries with it an emphasis upon the newness of the life every bit given by God himself.[15]

The concluding use of the phrase occurs in the Beginning Epistle of Peter, rendered in the Male monarch James Version as:

Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned dearest of the brethren, [run across that ye] love 1 another with a pure heart fervently: / Existence born once again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for e'er.

—1 Peter 1:22-23[16]

Hither, the Greek give-and-take translated as "born again" is ἀναγεγεννημένοι ( anagegennēménoi ).[17]

Interpretations [edit]

The traditional Jewish agreement of the hope of salvation is interpreted as being rooted in "the seed of Abraham"; that is, physical lineage from Abraham. Jesus explained to Nicodemus that this doctrine was in mistake—that every person must have two births—natural birth of the physical body and another of the water and the spirit.[eighteen] This soapbox with Nicodemus established the Christian conventionalities that all human beings—whether Jew or Gentile—must be "born over again" of the spiritual seed of Christ. The Apostle Peter further reinforced this understanding in 1 Peter i:23.[19] [17] The Cosmic Encyclopedia states that "[a] controversy existed in the primitive church building over the interpretation of the expression the seed of Abraham. Information technology is [the Apostle Paul's] teaching in one case that all who are Christ's past faith are Abraham'southward seed, and heirs co-ordinate to hope. He is concerned, nevertheless, with the fact that the promise is not beingness fulfilled to the seed of Abraham (referring to the Jews)."[20]

Charles Hodge writes that "The subjective change wrought in the soul by the grace of God, is variously designated in Scripture" with terms such as new birth, resurrection, new life, new creation, renewing of the listen, dying to sin and living to righteousness, and translation from darkness to low-cal.[21]

Jesus used the "birth" illustration in tracing spiritual newness of life to a divine get-go. Contemporary Christian theologians take provided explanations for "born from above" being a more accurate translation of the original Greek word transliterated anōthen. [22] Theologian Frank Stagg cites two reasons why the newer translation is significant:

  1. The emphasis "from above" (implying "from Heaven") calls attention to the source of the "newness of life". Stagg writes that the discussion "again" does not include the source of the new kind of beginning;
  2. More than personal comeback is needed. "a new destiny requires a new origin, and the new origin must be from God."[23]

An early on case of the term in its more modern use appears in the sermons of John Wesley. In the sermon entitled A New Birth he writes, "none can exist holy unless he be born once more", and "except he exist born over again, none can be happy fifty-fifty in this globe. For ... a man should not be happy who is non holy." As well, "I say, [a human being] may exist born over again and so become an heir of conservancy." Wesley likewise states infants who are baptized are built-in again, but for adults information technology is different:

our church supposes, that all who are baptized in their infancy, are at the same fourth dimension born once again. ... But ... it is certain all of riper years, who are baptized, are not at the same time built-in once more.[24]

A Unitarian work called The Gospel Anchor noted in the 1830s that the phrase was non mentioned by the other Evangelists, nor by the Apostles except Peter. "It was not regarded past any of the Evangelists just John of sufficient importance to tape." Information technology adds that without John, "we should hardly have known that it was necessary for one to be born again." This suggests that "the text and context was meant to employ to Nicodemus particularly, and not to the world."[25]

Historicity [edit]

Scholars of historical Jesus, that is, attempting to ascertain how closely the stories of Jesus friction match the historical events they are based on, more often than not treat Jesus's conversation with Nicodemus in John three with skepticism. It details what is presumably a private conversation between Jesus and Nicodemus, with none of the disciples seemingly attending, making it unclear how a record of this conversation was acquired. In addition, the chat is recorded in no other ancient Christian source other than John and works based on John.[26] According to Bart Ehrman, the larger event is that the same problem English translations of the Bible accept with the Greek ἄνωθεν (anōthen) is a problem in the Aramaic language as well: there is no single word in Aramaic that means both "once again" and "from above", all the same the conversation rests on Nicodemus making this misunderstanding.[27] As the conversation was betwixt two Jews in Jerusalem, where Aramaic was the native language, there is no reason to think that they'd have spoken in Greek.[26] This implies that fifty-fifty if based on a existent conversation, the author of John heavily modified it to include Greek wordplay and idiom.[26]

Denominational positions [edit]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics notes: "The GSS ... has asked a built-in-once more question on 3 occasions ... 'Would you say you lot have been 'born over again' or have had a 'born-again' experience?" The Handbook says that "Evangelical, black, and Latino Protestants tend to reply similarly, with about two-thirds of each group answering in the affirmative. In dissimilarity, only most ane tertiary of mainline Protestants and i sixth of Catholics (Anglo and Latino) claim a born-again feel." Nonetheless, the handbook suggests that "born-over again questions are poor measures even for capturing evangelical respondents. ... it is probable that people who report a born-again experience likewise claim information technology equally an identity."[28]

Catholicism [edit]

Historically, the classic text from John 3 was consistently interpreted by the early church fathers as a reference to baptism.[29] Modern Catholic interpreters have noted that the phrase 'born from above' or 'born again'[30] is clarified equally 'being built-in of h2o and Spirit'.[31]

Catholic commentator John F. McHugh notes, "Rebirth, and the first of this new life, are said to come up nearly ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος, of h2o and spirit. This phrase (without the article) refers to a rebirth which the early Church regarded as taking identify through baptism."[32]

The Catechism of the Cosmic Church building (CCC) notes that the essential elements of Christian initiation are: "proclamation of the Word, acceptance of the Gospel entailing conversion, profession of organized religion, Baptism itself, and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and admission to Eucharistic communion."[33] Baptism gives the person the grace of forgiveness for all prior sins; it makes the newly baptized person a new creature and an adopted son of God;[34] information technology incorporates them into the Trunk of Christ[35] and creates a sacramental bond of unity leaving an indelible marker on our souls.[36] "Incorporated into Christ by Baptism, the person baptized is configured to Christ. Baptism seals the Christian with the enduring spiritual mark (character) of his belonging to Christ. No sin can erase this mark, even if sin prevents Baptism from bearing the fruits of conservancy. Given in one case for all, Baptism cannot be repeated."[37] The Holy Spirit is involved with each aspect of the movement of grace. "The first work of the grace of the Holy Spirit is conversion. ... Moved by grace, man turns toward God and abroad from sin, thus accepting forgiveness and righteousness from on high."[38]

The Catholic Church besides teaches that under special circumstances the need for h2o baptism tin can be superseded by the Holy Spirit in a 'baptism of desire', such as when catechumens die or are martyred prior to receiving baptism.[39]

Pope John Paul II wrote in Catechesi Tradendae about "the problem of children baptized in infancy [who] come for catechesis in the parish without receiving any other initiation into the organized religion and still without any explicit personal attachment to Jesus Christ.".[forty] He noted that "beingness a Christian ways saying 'yeah' to Jesus Christ, just permit u.s.a. call back that this 'yes' has 2 levels: It consists of surrendering to the word of God and relying on it, but information technology likewise means, at a later phase, endeavoring to know better—and better the profound meaning of this word."[41]

The modern expression beingness "born again" is really about the concept of "conversion".

The National Directory of Catechesis (published by the United States Briefing of Catholic Bishops, USCCB) defines conversion as, "the credence of a personal human relationship with Christ, a sincere adherence to him, and a willingness to conform ane's life to his."[42] To put information technology more simply "Conversion to Christ involves making a genuine commitment to him and a personal decision to follow him as his disciple."[42]

Echoing the writings of Pope John Paul II, the National Directory of Catechesis describes a new intervention required past our modern world called the "New Evangelization". The New Evangelization is directed to the Church herself, to the baptized who were never effectively evangelized before, to those who accept never fabricated a personal commitment to Christ and the Gospel, to those formed past the values of the secular culture, to those who accept lost a sense of faith, and to those who are alienated.[43]

Declan O'Sullivan, co-founder of the Catholic Men'south Fellowship and knight of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, wrote that the "New Evangelization emphasizes the personal encounter with Jesus Christ as a pre-condition for spreading the gospel. The born-over again feel is not just an emotional, mystical loftier; the really of import matter is what happened in the convert's life after the moment or catamenia of radical change."[44]

Lutheranism [edit]

The Lutheran Church building holds that "we are cleansed of our sins and born again and renewed in Holy Baptism by the Holy Ghost. Merely she also teaches that whoever is baptized must, through daily contrition and repentance, drown The Old Adam so that daily a new man come along and arise who walks before God in righteousness and purity forever. She teaches that whoever lives in sins after his baptism has over again lost the grace of baptism."[45]

Moravianism [edit]

With regard to the New Birth, the Moravian Church holds that a personal conversion to Christianity is a joyful experience, in which the private "accepts Christ equally Lord" subsequently which organized religion "daily grows inside the person."[46] For Moravians, "Christ lived as a man because he wanted to provide a blueprint for time to come generations" and "a converted person could attempt to live in his epitome and daily become more like Jesus."[46] As such, "heart religion" characterizes Moravian Christianity.[46] The Moravian Church has historically emphasized evangelism, especially missionary work, to spread the faith.[47]

Anglicanism [edit]

The phrase built-in again is mentioned in the 39 Articles of the Anglican Church in article XV, entitled "Of Christ alone without Sin". In part, information technology reads: "sin, as S. John saith, was non in Him. But all we the rest, although baptized and born once again in Christ, yet offend in many things: and if we say nosotros have no sin, nosotros deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us."[48]

Although the phrase "baptized and born again in Christ" occurs in Article Fifteen, the reference is conspicuously to the scripture passage in John 3:three.[49]

Reformed [edit]

In Reformed theology, Holy Baptism is the sign and the seal of ane'due south regeneration, which is of comfort to the believer.[50] The fourth dimension of one's regeneration, still, is a mystery to oneself co-ordinate to the Canons of Dort.[50]

Co-ordinate to the Reformed churches being born once again refers to "the inwards working of the Spirit which induces the sinner to respond to the effectual telephone call". Co-ordinate to the Westminster Shorter Canon, Q 88, "the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the word, sacraments, and prayer; all of which are made effectual to the elect for salvation."[51] Effectual calling is "the work of God's Spirit, whereby, convincing us of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ, and renewing our wills, he doth persuade and enable us to encompass Jesus Christ, freely offered to u.s. in the gospel."[52] [53]

In Reformed theology, "regeneration precedes faith."[54] Samuel Storms writes that, "Calvinists insist that the sole cause of regeneration or beingness born over again is the will of God. God first sovereignly and efficaciously regenerates, and but in consequence of that do we act. Therefore, the individual is passive in regeneration, neither preparing himself nor making himself receptive to what God will practice. Regeneration is a change wrought in us by God, not an democratic deed performed by us for ourselves."[55]

Quakerism [edit]

The Fundamental Yearly Meeting of Friends, a Holiness Quaker denomination, teaches that regeneration is the "divine work of initial salvation (Tit. 3:v), or conversion, which involves the accompanying works of justification (Rom. five:18) and adoption (Rom. 8:15, 16)."[3] In regeneration, which occurs in the New Birth], in that location is a "transformation in the heart of the believer wherein he finds himself a new creation in Christ (2 Cor. five:17; Col. ane:27)."[3]

Following the New Birth, George Fox taught the possibility of "holiness of middle and life through the instantaneous baptism with the Holy Spirit subsequent to the new birth" (cf. Christian perfection).[56]

Methodism [edit]

In Methodism, the "new birth is necessary for conservancy considering it marks the move toward holiness. That comes with faith."[1] John Wesley, held that the New Nascency "is that dandy change which God works in the soul when he brings it into life, when he raises information technology from the death of sin to the life of righteousness."[58] [1] In the life of a Christian, the new nascency is considered the first work of grace.[59] In keeping with Wesleyan-Arminian covenant theology, the Articles of Religion, in Commodity XVII—Of Baptism, state that baptism is a "sign of regeneration or the new birth."[lx] The Methodist Company in describing this doctrine, admonishes individuals: "'Ye must exist born over again.' Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for you. Admit Him to your eye. 'Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thousand shalt exist saved.'"[61] [62] Methodist theology teaches that the New Nascency contains two phases that occur together, justification and regeneration:[63]

Though these 2 phases of the new birth occur simultaneously, they are, in fact, two separate and singled-out acts. Justification is that gracious and judicial act of God whereby a soul is granted complete absolution from all guilt and a full release from the penalty of sin (Romans iii:23-25). This human activity of divine grace is wrought by faith in the merits of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ (Romans 5:1). Regeneration is the impartation of divine life which is manifested in that radical change in the moral character of human, from the love and life of sin to the love of God and the life of righteousness (2 Corinthians 5:17; 1 Peter 1:23). ―Principles of Faith, Emmanuel Association of Churches[63]

Baptists [edit]

Baptists teach that a "person is born again when he/she repents of his/her sins and asks Jesus to forgive him/her and trust Jesus to serve him/her."[64] Those who accept been built-in over again, according to Baptist teaching, know that they are "a child of God considering the Holy Spirit witnesses to them that they are" (cf. assurance).[64]

Pentecostalism [edit]

Pentecost by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld. Woodcut for "Die Bibel in Bildern", 1860.

Holiness Pentecostals historically teach the new birth (first work of grace), unabridged sanctification (2nd piece of work of grace) and baptism with the Holy Spirit, as evidenced by glossolalia, as the tertiary work of grace.[65] [66] The New Birth, according to Pentecostal teaching, imparts "spiritual life".[4]

Jehovah'south Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah's Witnesses believe that individuals do not have the power to choose to be born again, only that God calls and selects his followers "from to a higher place".[67] Only those belonging to the "144,000" are considered to be born again.[68] [69]

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints [edit]

The Book of Mormon emphasizes the demand for everyone to be reborn of God.[seventy]

Disagreements betwixt denominations [edit]

The term "born again" is used by several Christian denominations, but in that location are disagreements on what the term means, and whether members of other denominations are justified in claiming to be born-once more Christians.

Cosmic Answers says:

Catholics should ask [Evangelical] Protestants, "Are you lot born once again—the way the Bible understands that concept?" If the Evangelical has not been properly water baptized, he has not been born once more "the Bible mode," regardless of what he may think.[71]

On the other hand, an Evangelical site argues:

Another of many examples is the Catholic who claims he also is "born over again." ... Even so, what the committed Catholic means is that he received his spiritual nascency when he was baptized—either equally an infant or when as an adult he converted to Catholicism. That's not what Jesus meant when He told Nicodemus he "must exist born once more."[72] The deliberate adoption of biblical terms which have different meanings for Catholics has go an effective tool in Rome'south ecumenical agenda.[73]

The Reformed view of regeneration may be set apart from other outlooks in at least two ways.

Showtime, classical Roman Catholicism teaches that regeneration occurs at baptism, a view known every bit baptismal regeneration. Reformed theology has insisted that regeneration may have identify at whatever fourth dimension in a person'southward life, even in the womb. It is not somehow the automatic result of baptism. 2d, information technology is common for many other evangelical branches of the church building to speak of repentance and organized religion leading to regeneration (i.e., people are built-in again only after they exercise saving organized religion). By dissimilarity, Reformed theology teaches that original sin and full depravity deprive all people of the moral ability and will to exercise saving organized religion. ... Regeneration is entirely the work of God the Holy Spirit - nosotros can do cipher on our own to obtain information technology. God alone raises the elect from spiritual expiry to new life in Christ.[74] [75]

History and usage [edit]

Historically, Christianity has used various metaphors to draw its rite of initiation, that is, spiritual regeneration via the sacrament of baptism past the power of the water and the spirit. This remains the common agreement in well-nigh of Christendom, held, for example, in Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Lutheranism,[45] Anglicanism,[76] and in other historic branches of Protestantism. All the same, one-time after the Reformation, Evangelicalism attributed greater significance to the expression built-in again [77] equally an experience of religious conversion,[78] symbolized by deep-water baptism, and rooted in a commitment to one's own personal religion in Jesus Christ for salvation. This aforementioned belief is, historically, likewise an integral part of Methodist doctrine,[79] [80] and is continued with the doctrine of Justification.[81]

According to Encyclopædia Britannica:

'Rebirth' has often been identified with a definite, temporally datable form of 'conversion'. ... With the voluntaristic type, rebirth is expressed in a new alignment of the will, in the liberation of new capabilities and powers that were hitherto undeveloped in the person concerned. With the intellectual type, information technology leads to an activation of the capabilities for agreement, to the breakthrough of a "vision". With others information technology leads to the discovery of an unexpected beauty in the order of nature or to the discovery of the mysterious significant of history. With still others it leads to a new vision of the moral life and its orders, to a selfless realization of dear of neighbour. ... each person affected perceives his life in Christ at any given time as "newness of life."[82]

According to J. Gordon Melton:

Born over again is a phrase used by many Protestants to describe the phenomenon of gaining faith in Jesus Christ. It is an feel when everything they have been taught as Christians becomes real, and they develop a direct and personal human relationship with God.[83]

Co-ordinate to Andrew Purves and Charles Partee:

Sometimes the phrase seems to be judgmental, making a stardom between genuine and nominal Christians. Sometimes ... descriptive, similar the stardom betwixt liberal and conservative Christians. Occasionally, the phrase seems celebrated, similar the division between Catholic and Protestant Christians. ... [the term] commonly includes the notion of human choice in salvation and excludes a view of divine election by grace alone.[84]

The term born again has become widely associated with the evangelical Christian renewal since the tardily 1960s, first in the United States and so around the world. Associated perhaps initially with Jesus People and the Christian counterculture, built-in again came to refer to a conversion experience, accepting Jesus Christ as lord and savior in social club to be saved from hell and given eternal life with God in heaven, and was increasingly used as a term to place devout believers.[12] Past the mid-1970s, born once again Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media as part of the born once more movement.

In 1976, Watergate conspirator Chuck Colson'due south book Born Over again gained international notice. Time magazine named him "One of the 25 most influential Evangelicals in America."[85] The term was sufficiently prevalent so that during the year's presidential campaign, Democratic party nominee Jimmy Carter described himself equally "built-in again" in the first Playboy mag interview of an American presidential candidate.

Colson describes his path to faith in conjunction with his criminal imprisonment and played a significant role in solidifying the "born again" identity as a cultural construct in the U.s.. He writes that his spiritual feel followed considerable struggle and hesitancy to have a "personal see with God." He recalls:

while I saturday alone staring at the body of water I love, words I had not been certain I could understand or say fell from my lips: "Lord Jesus, I believe in You lot. I accept You. Please come into my life. I commit information technology to You." With these few words...came a sureness of mind that matched the depth of feeling in my eye. There came something more: forcefulness and serenity, a wonderful new assurance almost life, a fresh perception of myself in the world around me.[86]

Jimmy Carter was the start President of the United States to publicly declare that he was built-in-again, in 1976.[87] By the 1980 campaign, all three major candidates stated that they had been born again.[88]

Sider and Knippers[89] state that "Ronald Reagan's election that fall [was] aided past the votes of 61% of 'born-again' white Protestants."

The Gallup Organization reported that "In 2003, 42% of U.Due south. adults said they were born-once again or evangelical; the 2004 percentage is 41%" and that, "Black Americans are far more likely to identify themselves equally born-again or evangelical, with 63% of blacks proverb they are built-in-again, compared with 39% of white Americans. Republicans are far more likely to say they are built-in-again (52%) than Democrats (36%) or independents (32%)."[90]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics, referring to several studies, reports "that 'born-again' identification is associated with lower support for government anti-poverty programs." It also notes that "self-reported born-again" Christianity, "strongly shapes attitudes towards economical policy."[91]

Names which have been inspired by the term [edit]

The idea of "rebirth in Christ" has inspired[92] some common European forenames: French René/Renée, Dutch Renaat/Renate, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Croatian Renato/Renata, Latin Renatus/Renata, all of which mean "reborn", "born again".[93]

See too [edit]

  • Chantry call – Tradition in some Christian churches
  • Baptismal regeneration – Doctrines held by major Christian denomination
  • Built-in-over again virgin – Person who commits to abstinence after having had sexual intercourse
  • Child dedication – Act of consecration of children
  • Jesus motility – Former evangelical Christian motility
  • Dvija – Twice-born status of Hindu male after Upanayana
  • Evangelism – Preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ
  • Monergism – View within Christian theology
  • Sinner'south prayer – Evangelical Christian term referring to whatever prayer of repentance

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c Joyner, F. Belton (2007). United Methodist Questions, United Methodist Answers: Exploring Christian Faith. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 39. ISBN9780664230395 . Retrieved 10 April 2014. The new nascence is necessary for salvation because it marks the move toward holiness. That comes with faith.
  2. ^ Cathcart, William (1883). The Baptist Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of the Doctrines, Ordinances ... of the General History of the Baptist Denomination in All Lands, with Numerous Biographical Sketches...& a Supplement. L. H. Everts. p. 834.
  3. ^ a b c Transmission of Faith and Practice of Central Yearly Coming together of Friends. Fundamental Yearly Meeting of Friends. 2018. p. 26.
  4. ^ a b Wood, William Westward. (1965). Culture and Personality Aspects of the Pentecostal Holiness Religion. Mouton & Company. p. 18. ISBN978-three-11-204424-seven.
  5. ^ a b Bornstein, Erica (2005). The spirit of development: Protestant NGOs, morality, and economic science in Zimbabwe. Stanford University Press. ISBN9780804753364 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. A senior staff fellow member in World Vision's California office elaborated on the importance of being "born over again," emphasizing a central "relationship" between individuals and Jesus Christ: "...the importance of a personal human relationship with Christ [is] that it'south not just a matter of going to Christ or being baptized when y'all are an babe. We believe that people demand to be regenerated. They demand a spiritual rebirth. The demand to exist born again. ...You must be born once more before you lot can see, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven."
  6. ^ a b Lever, A. B. (2007). And God Said... ISBN9781604771152 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. From speaking to other Christians I know that the stardom of a born again believer is a personal experience of God that leads to a personal relationship with Him.
  7. ^ Price, Robert G. (1993). Beyond Born Again: Toward Evangelical Maturity. Wildside Printing. ISBN9781434477484 . Retrieved thirty July 2011. I take a personal relationship with Jesus Christ.
  8. ^ John 3:3-5
  9. ^ Danker, Frederick West., et al, A Greek-English language Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, 3rd ed (Chicago: University of Chicago,2010), 92. Specifically see the start (from above) and quaternary (again, afresh) meanings.
  10. ^ Jn three:3 NET
  11. ^ Jn 3:3 NET
  12. ^ a b Mullen, MS., in Kurian, GT., The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization, J. Wiley & Sons, 2012, p. 302.
  13. ^ Jn ane:5
  14. ^ cf. Jn 1:12-xiii; 1Jn 2:29, iii:9, four:7, 5:18
  15. ^ Hoskyns, Sir Edwyn C. and Davy, F.Due north.(ed), The Fourth Gospel, Faber & Faber second ed. 1947, pp. 211,212
  16. ^ 1Peter 1:22-23
  17. ^ a b Fisichella, SJ., Taking Away the Veil: To See Beyond the Curtain of Illusion, iUniverse, 2003, pp. 55-56.
  18. ^ Emmons, Samuel B. A Bible Lexicon. BiblioLife, 2008. ISBN 978-0-554-89108-8.
  19. ^ 1Peter i:23
  20. ^ Driscoll, James F. "Divine Promise (in Scripture)". The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Visitor, 1911. 15 November 2009.[1]
  21. ^ "Systematic Theology - Volume III - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". www.ccel.org . Retrieved 11 September 2019.
  22. ^ The New Testament Greek Lexicon. 30 July 2009.
  23. ^ Stagg, Evelyn and Frank. Adult female in the World of Jesus. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978. ISBN 0-664-24195-half dozen
  24. ^ Wesley, J., The works of the Reverend John Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Church, 1831, pp. 405–406.
  25. ^ LeFevre, CF. and Williamson, ID., The Gospel anchor. Troy, NY, 1831–32, p. 66. [2]
  26. ^ a b c Ehrman, Bart (2016). Jesus Before the Gospels: How the Earliest Christians Remembered, Inverse, and Invented Their Stories of the Savior. HarperOne. pp. 108–109. ISBN978-0062285201.
  27. ^ "Biblical Errancy: The "Born Once again" Dialogue In the Gospel of John". Biblical Errancy . Retrieved 11 September 2019.
  28. ^ The Oxford Handbook of Faith and American Politics, OUP, p16.
  29. ^ Joel C. Elworthy, Ed. Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture, New Testament IVa, John 1-10 (Downers Grove: Intervarsity Press, 2007), p. 109-110
  30. ^ John 3:3
  31. ^ John 3:5
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  33. ^ CCC 1229
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External links [edit]

  • The New Birth, John Wesley, sermon No. 45. Wesley's didactics on being born once more, and argument that it is key to Christianity.

thomasonvorcy1981.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_again#:~:text=Baptists%20teach%20that%20a%20%22person,assurance).

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